born Sept. 3, 1724, Strabane, County Tyrone, Ire.
died Nov. 10, 1808, Stubbings, Berkshire, Eng.
Irish soldier-statesman.
In 1759 he was sent to Canada, where he fought in the Battle of Quebec. He served as lieutenant governor (1766–68) and governor (1768–78) of Quebec province. His conciliatory policies toward the French Canadians led to passage of the Quebec Act of 1774. He helped repel the attack on Quebec by American Revolutionary forces in 1775. He was appointed commander of British forces in North America in 1782 and then governor in chief of British North America (1786–96).