In Islamic philosophy, the emanation of created things from God.
The term is not used in the Fārābī and Avicenna borrowed the notion from Neoplatonism . They conceived of creation as a gradual process arising from God's superabundance. Creation begins at the most perfect level, God, and descends through the world of the spirit to the least perfect level, the world of matter. The fayḍ theory was refuted by al-{{link=Ghazali, al-">Ghazālī in the 11th century.