Dutch 's-Gravenhage or Den Haag
City (pop., 2001 est.: 442,356), seat of government of The Netherlands.
Located 4 mi (6 km) from the North Sea, it is the administrative capital of The Netherlands, home to its court and government, though Amsterdam , located 33 mi (53 km) northwest, is the official capital. The counts of Holland built a castle at The Hague in 1248 that became their principal residence. The complex now forms the Binnenhof in the old quarter of the city, which became the seat of the Dutch government in 1585. The city grew rapidly in the 19th and 20th centuries. A centre of government, international law, and corporate administration, most of its businesses are engaged in trade, banking, and insurance. The International Court of Justice is housed in the Peace Palace (1913). The city is filled with notable architecture, much of which survived despite the heavy damage inflicted on the city during the German occupation in World War II.