Italian Vittorio Emanuele
born March 14, 1820, Turin, Piedmont, Kingdom of Sardinia
died Jan. 9, 1878, Rome, Italy
King of Sardinia (1849–61) and first king of a united Italy (1861–78).
The son of Charles Albert , he took part in the war against Austria (1848) and became king when his father abdicated in 1849. Assisted by his minister Risorgimento movement for unity. In the war with Austria (1859–61), he commanded troops to victories in the Battles of {{link=Magenta, Battle of">Magenta and Solferino . He secretly encouraged Giuseppe de Garibaldi in the conquest of Sicily and Naples and led the invasion of the Papal States. He assumed the title of king of Italy (1861) and later acquired Venetia (1866) and Rome (1870).
Victor Emmanuel II
Alinari-Art Resource/EB Inc.