CORNEILLE, PIERRE

born June 6, 1606, Rouen, France died Oct. 1, 1684, Paris French poet and dramatist, considered the creator of French classical tragedy. His chief works include Le Cid (1637), Horace (1640), Cinna (1641), and Polyeucte (1643). Additional reading The standard edition of the dramatist's work, Oeuvres de P. Corneille, ed. by Charles Martylaveaux, 13 vol. (186268), is still generally reliable, although a number of more recent editionsby Maurice Rat (196266), and by Jacques Maurens (1968)have profited from extensive work by modern scholars on dating and various historical aspects. A number of convenient one- or two-volume modern editions are available, notably Oeuvres compltes, ed. by Andr Stegmann (1963). Many of the plays have also been published in critical editions (see list in Alexandre Cioranescu, Bibliographie de la littrature franaise du 17e sicle, 1965). Adequate modern translations into English have been provided by Lacy Lockert, The Chief Plays of Corneille, 2nd ed. (1957), and Moot Plays of Corneille (1959); and more recently by Samuel Solomon, Pierre Corneille: Seven Plays (1969). Modern criticism of Corneille has begun to reverse the monotonous, reductionist view first set forth in Voltaire's Commentaires sur Corneille (1751) that had cast him chiefly as Racine's precursor in the perfecting of French classical tragedy. For a comprehensive sampling of the CorneilleRacine parallels across the centuries, see Corneille and Racine: Parallels and Contrasts, ed. by Robert J. Nelson (1966). Bibliographies of the author and his works include Auguste-mile Picot, Bibliographie cornlienne . . . (1876); and Pierre Le Verdier and Edouard Peley, Additions la bibliographie cornlienne (1908), which are both still useful. Also, a number of more recent general bibliographies, such as A Critical Bibliography of French Literature, vol. 3, The Seventeenth Century, ed. by Nathan Edelman (1961), contain extensive, updated sections on the dramatist. Major Works: Plays. Le Cid (published 1637); Horace (1641); Cinna, ou La Clemence d'Auguste (1643); Polyeucte martyr (1643); La Mort de Pompe (1644)all in English in The Chief Plays of Corneille, trans. by Lacy Lockert, 2nd ed. (1957). Rodogune, princesse des Parthes (1647; Rodogune; or, The Rival Brothers, trans. by S. Aspinwall, 1765); Nicomde (1651; Nicomede, trans. by J. Dancer, 1671).