DIRKS, RUDOLPH

born Feb. 26, 1877, Heide, Ger. died April 20, 1968, New York City U.S. cartoonist who created the comic strip Katzenjammer Kids. At the age of 7 Dirks moved with his family to Chicago, and at 17 he went to New York City, where he worked as staff artist for William Randolph Hearst's New York Journal. There, inspired by Wilhelm Busch's Max und Moritz, a picture story that Hearst had seen in Germany, Dirks, in 1897, created the Katzenjammer Kids. When he joined the New York World in 1912, he lost his right to the name Katzenjammer Kids, and so he renamed the strip for the mischievous Katzenjammer brothers, Hans and Fritz, later retitling it The Captain and the Kids because of World War I anti-German sentiment. The Katzenjammer Kids continued, but as the work of another artist, H.H. Knerr. Toward the end of his life, Dirks, who was a self-taught artist, devoted most of his time to marine and landscape painting, leaving the work of the strip to his son John, who continued it after his father's death.