FAULKNER, WILLIAM

born Sept. 25, 1897, New Albany, Miss., U.S. died July 6, 1962, Byhalia, Miss. Faulkner in full William Cuthbert Faulkner, original surname Falkner American novelist and short-story writer who was awarded the 1949 Nobel Prize for Literature. Additional reading Joseph Blotner, Faulkner: A Biography, 2 vol. (1974), continues to be the most complete and reliable biography, but is best read in the rev. and shortened ed., 1 vol. (1984, reissued 1991). Joel Williamson, William Faulkner and Southern History (1993), deals more fully with the family background; while David Minter, William Faulkner: His Life and Work (1980); and Michel Gresset, A Faulkner Chronology (1985), are useful introductory volumes. In the absence of any full-scale bibliography of Faulkner's works, Carl Petersen, Each in Its Ordered Place: A Faulkner Collector's Notebook (1975), is still the best single reference source. Early critical studies that remain accessible and relevant are Cleanth Brooks, William Faulkner: The Yoknapatawpha Country (1963, reprinted 1990), and William Faulkner: Toward Yoknapatawpha and Beyond (1978, reprinted 1989); and Michael Millgate, The Achievement of William Faulkner (1966, reprinted 1989). John T. Matthews, The Play of Faulkner's Language (1982); and Andr Bleikasten, The Ink of Melancholy: Faulkner's Novels, from The Sound and the Fury to Light in August (1990), are important examples of more recent criticism. Eric J. Sundquist, Faulkner: The House Divided (1983), writes perceptively of Faulkner and race; and differing approaches to Faulkner's treatment of gender issues are reflected in Doreen Fowler and Ann J. Abadie (eds.), Faulkner and Women (1986). The following collections of essays are also useful: Andr Bleikasten (ed.), William Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury: A Critical Casebook (1982); Noel Polk (ed.), New Essays on The Sound and the Fury (1993); Dianne L. Cox (ed.), William Faulkner's As I Lay Dying: A Critical Casebook (1985); Franois L. Pitavy (ed.), William Faulkner's Light in August: A Critical Casebook (1982); Michael Millgate (ed.), New Essays on Light in August (1987); and Elisabeth Muhlenfeld (ed.), William Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom!: A Critical Casebook (1984).