GUIMARES

town and concelho (township), Braga distrito (district), northwestern Portugal. The town lies at the foot of the Serra de Santa Catarina (2,018 feet ), northeast of the city of Porto. Founded in the 4th century, Guimares in the 12th century became the first capital of Portugal. Its landmarks include the 10th-century castle (where Afonso I, Portugal's first king, was born) on a hill overlooking the town; the Romanesque church, Nossa Senhora da Oliveira (rebuilt 13871400); the 14th-century monastery and church of St. Francis; and a Dominican convent now housing a notable museum of antiquities. An industrial centre, Guimares produces woolen goods, linen, goldsmith's items, and cutlery. Pop. (1981) town, 22,092; (1987 est.) concelho, 158,400.