LAURENT, FRANOIS

born July 8, 1810, Luxembourg died Feb. 11, 1887, Ghent, Belg. Belgian administrator, legal scholar, and historian noted as the author of a monumental universal history and a series of comprehensive works on civil law. After gaining his degree in law in 1832, he served as the head of a division at the Belgian Ministry of Justice and in 1836 was appointed professor of civil law at the University of Ghent. His liberal views were attacked by the Roman Catholic church, but his position with the Belgian government permitted him to retain his chair at the university. His greatest work was tudes sur l'histoire de l'humanit, 18 vol. (186170), a political and cultural history of man that was extremely popular in France, Germany, and England. It was praised for its great erudition but criticized for its theistic scheme and contention that man's progress is the result of a providential plan. His other works include Principes de droit civil franais, 33 vol. (186978; Principles of French Civil Law), which placed him in the top ranks of juridical scholars; and Droit civil international, 8 vol. (188082; International Civil Law). After 1879 he worked on problems of legal reform, producing Avant-Project de revision du code civil, 6 vol. (188284; Rough Draft of a Revision of the Civil Code), and participated in philanthropic activities, including the establishment of a workers' society at Ghent.