STATISTICS: BOTSWANA

Botswana Official name: Republic of Botswana. Form of government: multiparty republic with one legislative body{1} (National Assembly ). Head of state and government: President. Capital: Gaborone. Official language: English{3}. Official religion: none. Monetary unit: 1 pula (P) = 100 thebe; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = P 4.48; 1 = P 7.63. Demography Population (1998): 1,448,000. Density (1997): persons per sq mi 6.4, persons per sq km 2.5. Urban-rural (1996): urban 29.2%; rural 70.8%. Sex distribution (1996): male 49.02%; female 50.98%. Age breakdown (1995): under 15, 43.2%; 15-29, 28.5%; 30-44, 16.5%; 45-59, 7.9%; 60-74, 3.2%; 75 and over, 0.7%. Population projection: (2000) 1,479,000; (2010) 1,570,000. Doubling time: 23 years. Ethnic composition (1983): Tswana 75.5%; Shona 12.4%; San (Bushman) 3.4%; Khoikhoin (Hottentot) 2.5%; Ndebele 1.3%; other 4.9%. Religious affiliation (1997): traditional beliefs 55.0%; African Christian 27.5%; Protestant 13.5%; Roman Catholic 4.0%. Major cities (1993): Gaborone 156,803; Francistown 75,678; Selebi-Pikwe 42,350; Molepolole 41,730; Kanye 34,233. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1991-95): 37.1 (world avg. 25.0); (1986) legitimate 28.8%{4}; illegitimate 71.2%{4}. Death rate per 1,000 population (1991-95): 6.6 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1991-95): 30.5 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1996): 4.3. Marriage rate per 1,000 population (1987): 1.6. Life expectancy at birth (1993): male 59.5 years; female 65.6 years. Major causes of death (as percentage of total of inpatient deaths{5}; 1992): respiratory diseases 14.3%; pneumonia 10.0%; digestive diseases 8.9%; cerebrovascular disease 4.2%; AIDS 3.9%; kidney disease 3.0%. National economy Budget (1996-97). Revenue: P 5,421,300,000 (mineral royalties 47.4%, customs and excise taxes 20.1%, property income 17.8%, interest income 4.6%). Expenditures: P 6,057,000,000 (1995-96; economic services 40.4%, education 20.8%, public order and safety 3.5%, social welfare 3.0%, health 2.5%). Population economically active (1991): total 441,203; activity rate of total population 33.2% (participation rates: ages 15-64, 59.6%; female 38.4%, unemployed 13.9%). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$606,500,000. Tourism (1995): receipts U.S.$162,000,000; expenditures U.S.$145,000,000. Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): cereals 82,900 (of which sorghum 55,100, corn 23,000, millet 4,000), vegetables and melons 16,000, pulses 14,000, fruits 10,500, tubers 9,000; livestock (number of live animals) 1,950,000 cattle, 1,900,000 goats, 250,000 sheep, 237,500 mules and asses, 31,500 horses; roundwood (1995) 1,584,000 cu m; fish catch (1993) 2,000. Mining and quarrying (1996): copper 20,979; nickel 17,461; cobalt 405; diamonds 17,707,062 carats. Manufacturing (value added in P '000,000; 1994): food products 164.3; wearing apparel 78.9; paper and paper products 28.0; industrial chemicals 18.7; wood products 17.5. Construction (value added in P '000,000; 1995-96): 877,900. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1993) 970,000,000 (970,000,000); coal (metric tons; 1992) 901,452 (n.a.); crude petroleum, none (n.a.). Gross national product (1994): U.S.$4,037,000,000 (U.S.$2,800 per capita). Household income and expenditure (1991). Average household size 4.8; average annual income per household (1985-86) P 3,910 (U.S.$2,080); sources of income (1987): wages and salaries 73.3%, self-employment 15.9%, transfers 10.8%; expenditure: food 39.4%, household durable goods 14.0%, rent and services 13.3%, transportation 13.1%, clothing 5.6%, health 2.3%. Land use (1994): forest 46.8%; pasture 45.2%; agriculture 0.7%; other 7.3%. Foreign trade{6} Imports (1995): P 5,304,800,000 (1994; machinery and transport equipment 29.6%, of which transport equipment 12.0%, food, beverages, and tobacco 17.6%; chemical and rubber products 9.7%; metal and metal products 9.4%; textiles and footwear 8.9%; wood and paper 5.8%; mineral fuels 5.7%). Major import sources: Customs Union of Southern Africa (CUSA) 73.9%; South Korea 7.1%; Zimbabwe 5.5%; U.K. 2.5%; U.S. 2.0%. Exports (1995): P 5,931,600,000 (1994; diamonds 79.9%; copper-nickel matte 5.6%; textiles 3.8%; meat products 3.7%). Major export destinations: U.K. 37.5%; CUSA 21.5%; Zimbabwe 3.0%; U.S. 0.9%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1995): length 603 mi, 971 km; passenger-km 86,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 1,710,000{7}. Roads (1995): total length 11,388 mi, 18,327 km (paved 25%). Vehicles (1994): passenger cars 27,058; trucks and buses 42,696. Merchant marine: none. Air transport (1994){8}: passenger-km 58,370,000; metric ton-km cargo 540,000; airports (1997) 4. Education and health Educational attainment (1991). Percentage of population age 25 and over having: no formal schooling 42.9%; primary education 17.3%; some secondary 32.3%; complete secondary 3.9%; postsecondary 3.7%. Literacy (1995): total population over age 15 literate 591,700 (69.8%); males literate 324,900 (80.5%); females literate 266,800 (59.9%). Health (1994): physicians 339 (1 per 4,395 persons); hospital beds (1993) 3,299 (1 per 434 persons); infant mortality rate 39.0. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 2,153 (vegetable products 83%, animal products 17%); 93% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1997): 7,500 (army 93.3%, navy, none [land locked], air force 6.7%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 5.3% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$155. {1} In addition, the House of Chiefs, a 15-member body consisting of chiefs, subchiefs, and associated members, serves in an advisory capacity to the government. {2} Including four specially elected members and two nonelective seats. {3} Tswana is the national language. {4} Registered births only. {5} Represents nearly 30% of all deaths. {6} Import figures are f.o.b. in balance of trade and c.i.f. in commodities and trading partners. {7} 1994. {8} Air Botswana only.