STATISTICS: CAMBODIA

Cambodia Official name: Preah Reach Ana Pak Kampuchea (Kingdom of Cambodia){1}. Form of government: constitutional monarchy with one legislative house (National Assembly ). Chief of state: King. Head of government: Prime minister{2}. Capital: Phnom Penh. Official language: Khmer. Official religion: Buddhism. Monetary unit: 1 riel = 100 sen; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = 3,800.00 riels; 1 = 6,469.50 riels. Demography Population (1998): 10,751,000. Density (1998){3}: persons per sq mi 158.0, persons per sq km 61.0. Urban-rural (1995): urban 21%; rural 79%. Sex distribution (1997): male 48.24%; female 51.76%. Age breakdown (1997): under 15, 45.4%; 15-29, 25.3%; 30-44, 17.1%; 45-59, 7.6%; 60-74, 3.8%; 75 and over, 0.8%. Population projection: (2000) 11,207,000; (2010) 13,433,000. Ethnic composition (1994): Khmer 88.6%; Vietnamese 5.5%; Chinese 3.1%; Cham 2.3%; other (Thai, Lao, and Kola) 0.5%. Religious affiliation (1994): Buddhist 95%; Muslim 2%; other 3%. Major cities (1987): Phnom Penh 920,000{4}; Batdmbng 45,000; Kmpng Cham 33,000; Pursat 16,000; Kmpng Chhnang 15,000. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1997): 43.0 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1997): 15.0 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1997): 28.0 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1997): 5.8. Life expectancy at birth (1997): male 52 years; female 55 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population: n.a.; however, major health problems include tuberculosis, malaria, and pneumonia. Violence, acts of war, and military ordnance (especially unexploded mines) remain hazards. National economy Budget (1996). Revenue: 797,500,000,000 riels (taxes on international trade 46.9%; indirect taxes 22.3%, of which consumption taxes 8.3%; nontax revenue 27.6%). Expenditures: 1,395,100,000,000 riels (current expenditure 61.2%, of which economic and financial affairs 26.8%, defense 21.4%, education 12.3%, public health 8.7%; development expenditure 38.8%). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$2,032,000,000. Tourism (1995): receipts U.S.$100,000,000; expenditures U.S.$8,000,000. Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): rice 3,500,000, sugarcane 205,000, bananas 140,000, roots and tubers 138,000 (of which cassava 90,000, sweet potatoes 30,000), corn (maize) 60,000, oranges 60,000, rubber 40,000, mangoes 30,000, soybeans 18,000, tobacco leaves 10,000; livestock (number of live animals; 1997) 2,800,000 cattle, 2,050,000 pigs, 770,000 buffalo, 14,300,000 chickens and ducks; roundwood (1995) 7,765,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 112,510. Mining and quarrying (1995): legal mining is confined to fertilizers, salt, and construction materials. Manufacturing (value of production in '000,000 riels; 1988): cigarettes 1,064.5; food 116.9; chemical products (including rubber) 83.5; light industries (including textiles) 63.2; mechanical equipment and parts 46.8; building materials 4.5. Construction: n.a. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 187,000,000 (187,000,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) none (159,000). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1980) 5.6. Gross domestic product (1996): U.S.$3,088,000,000 (U.S.$300 per capita). Population economically active (1993): total 4,010,000; activity rate of total population 43.1% (participation rates: ages 15-64, 86.2%; female 55.8%). Land use (1994): forested 69.1%; meadows and pastures 8.5%; agricultural and under permanent cultivation 21.7%; other 0.7%. Foreign trade{5} Imports (1996): U.S.$1,010,000,000 (1995; gold 32.8%; cigarettes 20.7%; gasoline and diesel oil 11.7%; motorcycles 3.9%; motor vehicles 2.4%). Major import sources (1995): Singapore 35.7%; Thailand 23.8%; Vietnam 6.8%. Exports (1996): U.S.$615,000,000 (1995; reexports 50.4%; domestic exports 49.6%, of which sawn timber 16.5%, logs 11.8%, rubber 5.6%). Major export destinations (1995): Thailand 42.7%; Singapore 11.1%; India 7.6%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1995): length 380 mi, 612 km; passengers transported (1994) 500,000; cargo transported (1994) 100,000 metric tons. Roads (1995): total length 7,643 mi, 12,300 km (paved 34%). Vehicles (1996): passenger cars 42,210; trucks and buses 9,005. Merchant marine (1992): vessels (100 gross tons and over) 3; total deadweight tonnage 3,839. Air transport (1977): passenger-mi 26,098,800, passenger-km 42,000,000; short ton-mi cargo 274,000, metric ton-km cargo 400,000; airports (1997) with scheduled flights 8. Education and health Educational attainment: n.a. Literacy (1993): total population age 15 and over literate 3,895,000 (65.3%); males literate 79.7%; females literate 53.4%. Health: physicians (1994) 1,200 (1 per 7,900 persons); hospital beds (1994) 12,098{6} (1 per 791 persons); infant mortality rate (1997) 106. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 2,012 (vegetable products 94%, animal products 6%); 91% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1997){7}: 140,500 (army 59.8%, navy 3.6%, air force 1.0%, provincial 35.6%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 3.1% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$9. {1} The United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) assumed administrative responsibility for Cambodia in March 1992. Cambodian sovereignty, however, was retained by a Supreme National Council (SNC) until UN-supervised elections were held May 23-29, 1993. The Kingdom of Cambodia was proclaimed from Sept. 24, 1993. {2} A single prime minister was head of government from November 1998 per the king's forced moral persuasion. {3} Based on land area. {4} 1994 estimate. {5} Trade statistics do not indicate whether imports are c.i.f. or f.o.b.; illegal or undeclared trade is not accounted for in the foreign-trade figures shown here. {6} Public hospitals only. {7} Figures include provincial and exclude paramilitary forces.