TAMESIDE

metropolitan borough in the eastern part of the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester, England. The parts of the borough west of the River Tame, such as Ashton-under-Lyne, Audenshaw, and Denton, are in the historic county of Lancashire, while those to the east, including Stalybridge, Dukinfield, and Hyde, belong to the historic county of Cheshire. The borough includes a section of the Pennines, and immediately to its east is the Peak District National Park. Its name is derived from the River Tame, which flows through the borough to join the River Mersey. Coal mining, hatting, and cotton textiles were the traditional industries of the borough. In Denton hatting grew from a cottage industry in the 17th century into a major economic activity employing nearly half the town's population by the 1920s. Tameside's domestic textile industry gave way to factory production in the 18th century with the construction of water-powered mills along the River Tame. After 1830 steam power, fueled by local coal, replaced water power, and textile factories were built in the town centres. By the middle of the 19th century cotton spinning was the staple industry of the borough. Metalworking and engineering were also important. The traditional industries contracted during the 20th century. Denton's hatting industry declined rapidly after the 1920s, and the last coal mine closed in 1959. Today the diversified industries of the borough include food processing, plastics, and high-technology engineering. Area 40 square miles (103 square km). Pop. (1998 est.) 220,400.