THROMBOPHLEBITIS

inflammation of a vein coupled with formation of a blood clot that adheres to the wall of the vessel. The inflammation may precede or follow formation of the clot. Because movement of the blood through veins is not brought about by the pumping of the heart, as in the case of the arterial blood, but depends upon contractions of the muscles, prolonged inactivity, such as bed rest after an operation or during convalescence from a serious illness, may lead to insufficient movement of the blood through the veins, with resultant formation of clots and inflammation. The condition most often affects the legs. There may be pain at the site of the occlusion or throbbing pain throughout the leg. If the affected vein is near the surface, it feels like a cord to the touch. If the blood clot is in a principal vein and grows to the point that it blocks the vessel, the condition is known as milk leg (q.v.). Treatment of thrombophlebitis is primarily by administration of anticoagulants (heparin), slight elevation of the affected leg, application of heat, elastic supports, and brief periods of walking to encourage circulation. Occasionally surgical removal of the clot may be necessary. See also phlebothrombosis.