1.
You use ~ when you are comparing two methods, states, or situations and saying that they are similar.
All attempts by the Socialists to woo him back were spurned. Similar overtures from the right have ~ been rejected...
= similarly
ADV: ADV with v, ADV with cl/group
2.
If you do something and someone else does ~, they do the same or a similar thing.
He lent money, made donations and encouraged others to do ~.
ADV: ADV after v