transcription, транскрипция: [ ˈmɪnstrəl ]
n. 1 a medieval singer or musician, esp. singing or reciting poetry. 2 hist. a person who entertained patrons with singing, buffoonery, etc. 3 (usu. in pl.) a member of a band of public entertainers with blackened faces etc., performing songs and music ostensibly of Negro origin. [ME f. OF menestral entertainer, servant, f. Prov. menest(ai)ral officer, employee, musician, f. LL ministerialis official, officer: see MINISTERIAL]