adjective
1
DUBIOUS : Not all aged parents have children to look after them.
GOOD : Not all elderly parents have children to look after them.
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When it means 'very old', aged is mainly used in formal styles, usually in the phrase the aged : 'The poor and the aged are entitled to free health care.'
The usual word for this meaning is elderly, which also sounds polite: 'The photograph was of an elderly gentleman with a white moustache.' 'The building has been converted into a retirement home for the elderly.'
2
BAD : My father left school at aged fourteen.
GOOD : My father left school at (the age of) fourteen.
BAD : At aged 45, farmers are able to retire.
GOOD : At (the age of) 45, farmers are able to retire.
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at ( the age of ) + NUMBER: 'Alan got married at twenty.' 'Sue got divorced at the age of twenty-one.'