adjective
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a causal connection (= that causes or is caused by something else )
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Psychologists have established a causal connection between behaviour and rewards.
a causal relationship (= when one thing causes another )
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the causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ NOUN
agent
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Cause, on the other hand, situates the causal agent prior to the event caused and so requires the to infinitive.
chain
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They are thus perfectly suited to the analysis of our beliefs about causal chains or sequences.
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We regularly take it that a causal circumstance is linked by way of a causal chain or sequence to its effect.
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The importance of such an outcome is very different depending on where in the causal chain the third variable comes.
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And, by the same token, the world will come to be filled with the links in this causal chain .
circumstances
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Some equations, asserted in a certain context or on certain assumptions, have to do with parts of causal circumstances .
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I have latterly been speaking only of causal circumstances , and not causes.
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These are pairs of things in a fundamental way like causal circumstances and effects.
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We also have it that effects do no more than dependently necessitate their causal circumstances .
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Strictly speaking, in what ontological category of things are causes and other conditions, the things which comprise causal circumstances ?
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Do all of what we take to be causal circumstances and causes precede their effects?
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Each ordinary causal circumstances is simply required for the effect, the effect requiring it.
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In some respects there seems not much room for argument about our conception of standard effects and their causal circumstances .
connection
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There is also a causal connection between the two processes.
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There must also be a causal connection between disability and a substantial limitation on a major life activity.
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The idea that science does not involve causal connection also faces other difficulties, one of which can be given briefly.
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But even if there is not this causal connection , the fantasy does have a causal effect.
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The causal connection between the addictive use and the damaging consequences may be denied.
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The achievement of a goal will serve to reinforce the behaviour and so establish a causal connection between needs and goals.
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The causal connection between mood-altering substance or behaviour and the damaging consequences continues to be denied and the denial is intensified.
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There is no important causal connection between the reinforcing effect of a stimulus and the feelings to which it gives rise.
direction
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In other words, the primary communicative function of causal connectives is to signal causal direction .
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The causal direction hypothesis predicts that performance will be better on the causal task than on the temporal task.
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Consequently, in the intentional mode, there is a complex relationship between causal direction and temporal order.
effect
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We can not directly infer a causal effect from a statistical effect.
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Being female has a causal effect in two ways.
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We now turn to causal path models to guide us as we summarize the various causal effects .
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The slope can be thought of as a numerical expression of the strength of causal effect of one variable on another.
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But even if there is not this causal connection, the fantasy does have a causal effect .
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However, we can not even be sure that it has got the causal effects absolutely right.
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First, they allow direct and indirect causal effects to be calculated and compared.
explanation
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Among the studies that have found that small farms have higher land productivity, different causal explanations may be found.
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The orbital motion of the earth provided a causal explanation for why the planets appeared to meander across the sky.
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Nor have we tried to decide whether rules and reasons can only be considered in a hermeneutic framework incompatible with causal explanation .
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This view characterises most sociological explanations of crime, including those that fall into the third category of causal explanation: invention.
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Is the meaning account merely preliminary to a real causal explanation ?
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Crucially, therefore, causal explanation is the proper procedure when we engage in natural science but not elsewhere.
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The Smith-Thomson critique offers no causal explanation of precisely why shifts have occurred in the balance of community and state provision.
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From these examples it will begin to be apparent that witchcraft is invoked as a causal explanation of irregularities.
factor
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These are not experimental because no causal factor is assumed to be operating in the survey situation.
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During the past decade, much research has addressed possible causal factors .
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Weight by itself can thus be eliminated as a causal factor .
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Second, the relationship between age and poverty may be the consequence of other causal factors .
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Instead, when fully understood, the apparent contradiction may reveal a new causal factor that was not considered before.
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There are, of course, profound disagreements between Marxist and elite writers as to the causal factors generating this phenomena.
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For had the causal factor not been present, everything would have been different.
influence
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However, the very preoccupation with identifying causal influences begs more fundamental questions about whether contemporaries shared intellectual assumptions.
law
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Yet the current view is also that explanation involves an appeal to causal laws and not solely to generalizations.
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The rules of the social world are, from a hermeneutic point of view, importantly different from causal laws .
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This billiard ball behaves precisely like any billiard ball in the same conditions, and there are causal laws to explain why.
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Every blink conforms to the causal laws of this physical movement.
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They would retort that, if rules are causally effective, it must be in the manner of other causal laws .
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This way of looking at causal laws is a delicate compromise.
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On the contrary, some can, and have often been called and regarded as causal laws .
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Such laws , although sometimes run together with causal laws, are best regarded as otherwise.
link
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We want a link between belief and truth to prevent this happening, and a causal link looks promising.
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In other words it enables one to modify the artificially simplistic notion of clear-cut dependent and independent variables having one-way causal links .
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The material causal links may not always be readily perceivable, but they are there all the same.
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Some courts have however looked to the causal link between the existence of a hearing and the final outcome.
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There could be a causal link between demanding social justice and realism as a method, but it is not shown.
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If this causal link is not present the application will fail.
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Explanation extends our understanding of the world, by moving beyond simple observation of events to the causal links underpinning them.
model
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Thus the causal model is a two-step one.
path
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Let us construct a causal path diagram depicting one possible set of relationships between these variables.
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In traditional macho science, scientific explanations stressed hierarchies and unidirectional causal paths .
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We now turn to causal path models to guide us as we summarize the various causal effects.
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As we learned in chapter 8, these results could be depicted in a causal path diagram as shown below.
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To calculate the effect of an indirect causal path , the values of adjacent paths are multiplied.
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Draw a causal path diagram indicating the relationships you would assume to exist between these variables.
process
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Researchers rarely conduct research with a finished model of the causal process they want to test in mind.
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The salient causal processes in the creation of this deferential coalfield culture are the subject of considerable debate.
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Normally, this result would be explained in terms of the three causal processes of attention decrement, discounting, and assimilation.
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At best it shows only that something similar is happening without showing why, or identifying key causal processes .
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That is, to explain the experimental findings in terms of the subjects' account of the experimental rather than causal processes .
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These can be compared with the causal processes mentioned.
relation
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A general concept can be exemplified by any number of particular instances which need not stand in any causal relation with each other.
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This emphasizes a causal relation between what A wants and what B does.
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There is no causal relation between these various events.
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That would entail the existence of causal relations between such persons, in all their physical complexity, and the divine being.
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These causal relations are essential to what they mean: without semantics a language is an uninterpreted formal language.
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Therefore, additional evidence clearly pointing to a causal relation between H pylori infection and gastric ulcer disease has to be provided.
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Such a projection does not in general preserve causal relations .
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The caveat pertains too to what follows in this chapter, further conclusions about causal relations .
relationship
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Nevertheless, in this two-way causal relationship , poverty is primarily a cause of illness and only secondarily its effect.
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The Synagogue and communal agencies, as has already been pointed out, should have a direct causal relationship .
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But the existence of a causal relationship is still debated.
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Clearly, then, a causal relationship would be plausible.
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The aspiration towards some sort of rational understanding of the causal relationship is probably the best we can achieve.
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Indeed, the two have a causal relationship .
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The first casts older people as being almost inevitably poor and this draws a causal relationship between income and later life.
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A word such as because makes an outright claim of a causal relationship between one idea and another.
role
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These were termed severe events and were assumed to have a causal role .
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This encouraged the authors to argue for some causal role for these specific event types.
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In the longitudinal part of the enquiry, the investigators examined the possible causal role of support.
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Establishment of a causal role for leukotrienes in the pathogenesis of mucosal damage has, however, remained elusive.
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Scientists have long recognized that environmental factors play a notable causal role in many cancers.
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They must be accorded a permissive rather than a causal role .
sequence
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Through a series of strategic puns Sukenick associates the collection of evidence, analysis and causal sequence with political totalitarianism.
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In their study, three-to five-year-old children observed causal sequences involving a Jack-in-the-box with two runways into the box.
theory
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Table 5.4 summarizes the main evidence marshalled in support of her causal theory of social revolution.
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This move should call to mind some remarks made in 2.4 about the causal theory of knowledge.
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This thesis about the meaning of ethical words is presented against the background of a causal theory of meaning in general.
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And we could take the causal theory in this way.
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The conditional theory is less demanding, and hence escapes some of the difficulties which the causal theory faced.
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So the conditional theory is a generalisation of the causal theory.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
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A word such as because makes an outright claim of a causal relationship between one idea and another.
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Any one pair of these elements can be causal , and these relationships may change within the period being measured.
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However, these data combine spontaneous and induced abortions and thus reflect different causal phenomena.
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Motivation is therefore a causal relationship between effort expended, the performance attained and the reward related to the performance.
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That would entail the existence of causal relations between such persons, in all their physical complexity, and the divine being.
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The objection, again, is that we do not in our standard causal thinking have or use such an idea.
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These findings add considerable weight to the claims that emotional arousal is of causal significance to relapse.
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To take a causal circumstance as having no redundancy is obviously to exclude things wholly irrelevant to the effect.