Body of physical and logical principles underlying the operation of any electromechanical device (an automaton) that converts information input in one form into another, or into some action, according to an algorithm .
Norbert Wiener and Alan M. Turing are regarded as pioneers in the field. In computer science, automata theory is concerned with the construction of robots (see robotics ) from basic building blocks of automatons. The best example of a general automaton is an electronic digital computer . Networks of automata may be designed to mimic human behaviour. See also artificial intelligence ; Turing machine .