born April 9, 1872, Paris, France
died March 30, 1950, Jouy-en-Josas
French politician and writer.
He made a name as a brilliant literary and drama critic, then entered politics in the French Socialist Party . As a member of the Chamber of Deputies (191928, 192940), he became a leader of the Socialists from 1921. The chief architect of an electoral alliance of the left, he became the first Socialist (and the first Jewish) premier of France as head of the Popular Front government (193637). He introduced such reforms as the 40-hour workweek and collective bargaining and nationalized the chief war industries and the Bank of France. Arrested by the Vichy government in 1940, he was imprisoned until 1945. In the postwar years he was one of France's leading veteran statesmen.