n.
Literary, artistic, and political movement.
Futurism, which began in Italy about 1909, was marked especially by violent rejection of tradition and an effort to give formal expression to the dynamic energy and movement of mechanical processes. Its most significant results were in the visual arts and poetry. Futurism was first announced in a manifesto by Filippo Marinetti . The principal Italian Futurist artists were Giacomo Balla (18711958), Umberto Boccioni , Carlo Carrà (18811966), and Gino Severini (18831966). Russian Futurism, founded soon afterward by Vladimir Mayakovsky and Velimir Khlebnikov (18851922), went beyond the Italian model in its revolutionary political and social outlook. The movement's influence had ceased to be felt by 1930.