born January 626, Medina, Hejaz, Arabian Peninsula
died Oct. 10, 680, Karbal 0101; 02BE; , Iraq
Muslim political and religious leader.
He was the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad . After the assassination of his father, the fourth caliph, Al 012B; ibn Ab 012B; T 0101; lib , he accepted the rule of the first caliph of the Umayyad dynasty , Mu 0101; wiyah I . He refused, however, to acknowledge the succession of the latter's son, Yaz 012B; d I , and instead accepted an invitation to travel to Iraq in order to lead a revolt against the Umayyads. He, along with a small entourage of family and followers, was intercepted by the Umayyads and killed at the Battle of Karbal 0101; . He is viewed by Sh 012B; ite Muslims as the prototypical martyr, and his death became a central theme of later Sh 012B; 02BD; ite theology and is commemorated annually during the holy festival of 02BD; 0100; sh 016B; r 0101; 02BE; .