born July 31, 1859, Albany, N.Y., U.S.
died Dec. 10, 1934, New York, N.Y., U.S.
U.S. microbiologist and pathologist.
He received his M.D. from Cornell University. He discovered that injected heat-killed cultures of the causative microorganisms can immunize animals against disease. His discovery that Texas cattle fever is caused by a parasite transmitted by ticks
the first definite proof of arthropods' role in spreading disease
helped the scientific community accept mosquitoes' role in malaria and yellow fever . Smith was the first to differentiate the bacteria that cause tuberculosis in cattle and in humans, and he was one of the first to notice anaphylaxis. He also improved laboratory production of vaccine s.