Spanish Fernando
born Oct. 14, 1784, El Escorial, Spain
died Sept. 29, 1833, Madrid
King of Spain (1808, 1813–33).
He became king briefly in 1808 after the French invasion of Spain forced the abdication of his father, Charles IV . Napoleon soon replaced him as king with Isabella II ) instead of his brother (Don Carlos [1788–1855]) to succeed him, which triggered the opposition movement, Carlism .