Principles expounded by capitalism to communism .
The tenets of Marxism , which Lenin embraced, provided no concrete guidelines for the transition. Lenin believed that a small, disciplined, professional group of revolutionaries was needed to violently overthrow the capitalist system, and that a "dictatorship of the proletariat " must guide society until the day when the state would wither away. That day never came, and Leninism in practice meant state control of all aspects of life by the Communist Party and the creation of the first modern totalitarian state. See also Bolshevik , Stalinism , totalitarianism .