(1896–98) Filipino independence struggle that failed to end Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines.
There had been numerous quasi-religious uprisings during the more than 300 years of colonial rule, but the late 19th-century writings of Emilio Aguinaldo were unable to defeat the Spanish, but the Filipinos proclaimed their independence in the wake of Spain's defeat in the Spanish-American War (1898). The Treaty of Paris ceded the Philippines to the U.S., however, and Aguinaldo continued the revolutionary struggle, now against the U.S.; he gave up the struggle after being arrested in 1901. See also {{link=Philippine-American War">Philippine-American War.