Treatment of psychological, emotional, or behaviour disorders through interpersonal communications between the patient and a trained counselor or therapist.
The goal of many modern individual and psychoanalysis and its variants (see Alfred Adler ; Carl Gustav Jung ), client-centred or {{link=nondirective psychotherapy">nondirective psychotherapy , Gestalt therapy (see Gestalt psychology ), play and art therapy, and general counseling . In contrast, behaviour therapy focuses on modifying behaviour by reinforcement techniques without concerning itself with internal states.