ABHIDHAMMATTHA-SANGAHA

((Pali: "Summary of the Meaning of Abhidhamma")) , probably the most important Buddhist manual of psychology and ethics. A highly popular primer, or digest, of the Abhidhamma corpus (the scholastic section of the canon) of the Theravada tradition, it was composed in India or in Myanmar (Burma), the chief centre for Abhidhamma studies. Written in Pali by the monk Anuruddha, it dates from no earlier than the 8th century AD and probably from the 11th or 12th. This is a handbook rather than an expository work; it is extremely condensed, dealing in less than 50 pages with the entire contents of the seven texts of the Abhidhamma Pitaka. It is the most widely read work of its kind, is held in very high esteem, especially in Myanmar and Sri Lanka (Ceylon), and has been the subject of an extensive exegetical literature in the centuries since its composition. The subject matter of the Abhidhammattha-sangaha includes enumerations of 89 classes of consciousness, 52 mental properties in various combinations, the qualities of matter, the kinds of relations between phenomena, the varieties of rebirth, and a number of meditation exercises. The purpose of all this analysis is to elicit a realization of the impermanence of all things, leading to Enlightenment and emancipation.