AGRICOLA, MARTIN

original name Martin Sore, or Sohr born Jan. 6, 1486, Schwiebus, Silesia [now in Poland] died June 10, 1556, Magdeburg, Archbishopric of Magdeburg composer, teacher, and writer on music, one of the first musicians to concern himself with the needs of the Reformed churches and to publish musical treatises in the vernacular. Agricola was self-taught, called to music from the plough, as his chosen surname suggests. He worked at Magdeburg from about 1510 and in 1524 taught at the first Protestant school there. He published several treatises on music theory, most notably his Musica instrumentalis deudsch (1529). Much of the German musical vocabulary that he invented is still in use. His books give a valuable picture of the musical life of his time, particularly his descriptions of early 16th-century musical instruments. Most of his unpublished compositions are lost. His printed volumes include sacred music and many instrumental pieces that are transcriptions of vocal part-songs.