AMESBURY

town (township), Essex county, northeastern corner of Massachusetts, U.S. It lies on the Merrimack River at the New Hampshire border. Settled in 1642 as part of Salisbury, it was named for Amesbury, England, became a separate precinct in 1654, and was incorporated as a township in 1668. In 1693 the town was a focus of witchcraft hysteria. Amesbury thrived as a shipbuilding port and was an early manufacturing centre (iron, nails, hats, and carriages). Textile production flourished after 1812 but declined in the 1920s. The town's economy is now based on light manufacturing (electronics, computer components, furniture, and metalwork), although services are also important. John Greenleaf Whittier lived in Amesbury, and many of his poems describe the surrounding country and life of the community; his house is preserved and his grave is in Union Cemetery. Area 14 square miles (36 square km). Pop. (1990) 14,997; (1996 est.) 15,784. town (parish), Salisbury district, administrative and historic county of Wiltshire, England, in the valley of the River Avon. It is rich in prehistoric remains, including Stonehenge, 1.5 miles (2.5 km) west, the greatest surviving megalithic structure in the British Isles. At Amesbury (Ambresbyrig, or Ambresbery) a Witan, or Witenagemot, the Anglo-Saxon kings' council of wise men, was held in 932. Now a small market town, Amesbury also caters to the needs of tourists visiting Stonehenge and serves such neighbouring army camps as Larkhill. Pop. (1991) 6,333.