ARBUTUS

genus of about 14 species of broad-leaved evergreen shrubs or trees, of the heath family (Ericaceae), characterized by white or pink flowers in loose, terminal clusters and by many-seeded, fleshy, red or orange berries; the leaves are alternate and stalked. The plants are native to southern Europe and western North America. A. menziesii and A. unedo are cultivated as ornamentals. Arbutus menziesii, variously known as the madrona, Pacific madrona, laurelwood, and Oregon laurel, occurs in western North America from British Columbia to California. It grows about 23 m (75 feet) tall. The dark, oblong, glossy leaves are from 5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 inches) long and are coloured grayish green beneath. The whitish flowers grow in pyramidal clusters 723 cm tall. As the tree grows, the old bark peels off, revealing reddish or cinnamon-coloured bark beneath. Arbutus unedo is the strawberry tree, native to southwestern Europe but introduced into warm regions of western North America. It grows from 3 to 9 m tall, with one to several trunks, and has lustrous elliptic or oblong leaves about 9 cm long. The branches are sticky and hairy. The white or pinkish flowers droop in clusters, and the fruit, edible but tasteless, resembles a strawberry in size and colour. The trailing arbutus belongs to the genus Epigaea.