BASTIA

city, capital of Haute-Corse dpartement, Corse rgion, France. It lies on the northeastern coast of Corsica, 22 miles (35 km) south of the island's northernmost point, the tip of Cape Corse. It is close to the Italian mainland (73 miles from Livorno), and across the Tyrrhenian Sea can be seen the island of Elba, flanked by Monte Cristo and Capraia. Originally a poor fishing village called Marina di Cardo, in 1383 it changed its name after a Genoese keep, or bastiglia, was constructed there. Bastia was the capital of Corsica until 1791 and still is military headquarters of the island. The old town (Terra Vecchia) is built in and around the central part of the harbour. The upper town (Terra Nuova) lies to the south, the modern town to the north and west. The old town is a network of alleys connected by dark, vaulted passages. The classical facades of the Church of San Giovanni Battista, law court, theatre, and city hall are floridly decorated. Bastia is the largest city in Corsica, a modern port city and, since 1976, capital of the dpartement of Haute-Corse. Bastia manufactures cigarettes, cigars, and preserves, and its exports include the celebrated wines of Cape Corse. Pop. (1990) 38,728.