BATESVILLE

city, seat (1821) of Independence county, north-central Arkansas, U.S., about 90 miles (145 km) northeast of Little Rock. It lies in the foothills of the Ozark Mountains on the White River. The land on which the city is built once belonged to the Osage Indians, who ceded the territory to the United States in an 1808 treaty. Named for James W. Bates, a judge and delegate to the U.S. Congress from the Territory of Arkansas, Batesville was founded (1812) by John Reed, who built a trading post at the mouth of Poke (now Polk) Bayou, where a fork of the Southwest Trail crossed the river. Ferry service began in 1818, and in 1831 the settlement became a steamboat shipping point for farm products. Poultry processing, industrial chemicals, and lime and black marble quarries form the modern economic base, and it serves as a retail trading centre for the region. Batesville is the home of Lyon College (formerly Arkansas College, 1872; Presbyterian). The White River Dam and Locks (1900) are nearby. The Arkansas Scottish Festival (formerly the Ozark Scottish Festival) has been held annually each spring since 1980. Inc. town, 1841; city, 1846. Pop. (1990) 9,187; (1998 est.) 9,595.