CARVER, RAYMOND (CLEVIE)

born May 25, 1938, Clatskanie, Ore., U.S. died Aug. 2, 1988, Port Angeles, Wash. American short-story writer and poet whose realistic writings about the working poor mirrored his own life. The son of a sawmill worker, Carver married a year after finishing high school and supported his wife and two children by working as a janitor, gas-station attendant, and delivery boy. He became seriously interested in a writing career after taking a creative-writing course at Chico State College in 1958. His short stories began to appear in magazines while he studied at Humboldt State College in Arcata, Calif. (B.A., 1963). Carver's first success as a writer came in 1967 with the story Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?, and he began writing full-time after losing his job as a textbook editor in 1970. The highly successful short-story collection Will You Please Be Quiet, Please? (1976) established his reputation. Despite his success, Carver began drinking heavily in 1967 and was repeatedly hospitalized for alcoholism in the 1970s, while continuing to turn out short stories. After conquering his drinking problem in the late 1970s, he taught for several years at the University of California, Santa Cruz, and in 1983 he won a literary award whose generous annual stipend freed him to concentrate on his writing full-time. His later collections were What We Talk About When We Talk About Love (1981), Cathedral (1984), and Where I'm Calling From (1988). He died of lung cancer at age 50. In his short stories Carver chronicled the everyday lives and problems of the working poor in the Pacific Northwest. His blue-collar characters are crushed by broken marriages, financial problems, and failed careers, but they are unable to understand or even articulate their own anguish. Carver's stripped-down, minimalist prose style is remarkable for its honesty and power. He is credited with helping revitalize the genre of the English-language short story in the late 20th century.