CH'UNGMU

city and port, South Kyongsang do (province), southeastern South Korea. Until it was made a municipality in 1955, it was called T'ongyong, deriving its name from T'ongjeyong, which in old Korean means headquarters. The port's deep water and nearby large islands such as Koje, Hansan, and Miruk, which screen the winds and waves, have made it a good harbour from early times. During the Choson (Yi) dynasty (13921910) it was the headquarters of the Korean navy. Modern Ch'ungmu is a junction and port of call for regular shipping lines. The city's principal industry is fishing, which is supported by the manufacture of marine products and by canning, shipbuilding, and net making. The city is also famous for its traditional lacquerwork inlaid with mother-of-pearl. The cultivation of pearl shellfish began in 1964. Ch'ungmu has many historical remains, and Hallyo Marine National Park (1968), which includes islands as well as mainland areas, is located nearby. Pop. (1985) 87,459; (1990) 92,177.