CHATINO

Middle American Indians of southwestern Oaxaca state in southern Mexico. The Chatino language is closely related to the neighbouring Zapotec language, and there are many cultural similarities between the two groups. The Chatino, who numbered about 37,000 in the late 20th century, live in a mountainous region. They are agricultural, raising a staple crop of corn (maize), as well as beans, squash, tomatoes, and chilies. Eggs and chickens are the major source of protein in the diet. Families usually prefer to live in villages, and outlying farm families may settle together in small hamlets rather than live alone on their land. The growth of cash crops such as coffee has resulted in abandonment of most native skills. Pottery and major weaving are rare, although weaving of belts and basketmaking are still done to some extent. Houses are made of the traditional twigs and thatch or more modern adobe and tile. Clothing is Mexican-peasant style: white cotton for men, long skirts and blouses of machine-woven cloth for women. The compadrazgo, or godparent (ritual kin), relationship occurs but has little associated ritual. Roman Catholicism with the usual Middle American blend of native elements and saint worship is practiced. Native animistic beliefs are also held.