CINEMATOGRAPHE

first motion-picture apparatus, used as both camera and projector. The invention of Louis and Auguste Lumire, manufacturers of photographic materials of Lyon, Fr., it was based in part on the Kinetoscope of Thomas A. Edison in the United States and in part on the Thtre Optique of mile Reynaud in Paris. From Edison's invention the Lumires took the idea of a sprocket-wound film and from Reynaud that of projecting the successive frames on a screen. The Cinmatographe also functioned as a camera and could be used to make extra prints of the film. The Lumires slowed the rate of exposure in projection from the 46 frames a second used by Edison to 16 frames, a rate still used. The first public demonstration of the Cinmatographe took place at the Grand Caf, Boulevard des Capucines, Paris, on Dec. 28, 1895; within months the device was being used throughout Europe and North America.