CLARE, ADA

born 1836?, Charleston, S.C., U.S. died March 4, 1874, New York, N.Y. original name Jane McElhenney American writer and actress remembered for her charm and wit and for her lively journalistic contributions. Jane McElhenney was of a prosperous and well-connected family. From about age 11 she grew up under the care of her maternal grandfather. About 1854 she struck out on her own. In New York City she began contributing love poems and sketches to periodicalsthe first appeared in the Atlas in January 1855using the pseudonyms Clare and later Ada Clare and at the same time sought a career on the stage. In the aftermath of a broken affair with the pianist and composer Louis M. Gottschalk, she sailed to Paris, where she bore a son out of wedlock in 1857. From Paris she sent comments on the theatre to the Atlas. By March 1859 Clare was back on the New York stage in William Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra. From 1859 to 1864 she contributed a column of sprightly commentary on subjects from theatre to politics to the Saturday Press and later to the Leader. During that period she became a member of a celebrated journalistic and literary group that included Fitz-James O'Brien, Artemus Ward, George Arnold, Adah Menken, and others. They met at Pfaff's Cellar on Broadway. Clare's charm and wit quickly earned her the nickname Queen of Bohemia among the group. Early in 1864 she sailed to San Francisco, where she wrote for the Golden Era and later for the San Francisco Bulletin. To the latter she sent a notable series of letters from a visit to Hawaii. After an unsuccessful appearance in a production of Camille in December 1864, she returned to New York. She nevertheless continued to act, touring the South under the name Agnes Stanfield. Clare had been appearing in East Lynne in Rochester, New York, when she died from the bite of a rabid dog in New York City.