CLARKSBURG

city, seat of Harrison county, northern West Virginia, U.S. The city lies along the West Fork River. Settled in 1772, it was named for General George Rogers Clark, a noted Virginia frontiersman. Shortly thereafter Thomas Nutter arrived and built a fort near the site where the town of Nutter Fort (now a southeastern suburb) developed. Clarksburg was chartered as a town in 1785, although it had served as the county seat of Harrison since the formation of the county in 1784. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, which arrived in 1856, brought economic prosperity, as did the opening of coalfields (1870) and oil fields (1889) nearby. Thomas J. Stonewall Jackson, the Confederate military leader, was born there in 1824, as was John W. Davis (1873), a lawyer, diplomat, and 1924 presidential candidate. During the American Civil War, Clarksburg was the headquarters (1861) of General George B. McClellan, who was charged with holding what was then western Virginia for the Union. The town was also an important Union supply base. On April 22, 1861, Clarksburg held the first meeting in the process leading to the formation of the state of West Virginia in 1863. Clarksburg's economyformerly based on coal mining, oil and natural-gas production, and agriculturehas shifted more toward light manufactures and services. A significant addition to the regional economy is the Federal Bureau of Investigation's large fingerprint-identification facility, which opened in 1995. A branch campus of Fairmont State College is in Clarksburg. In Salem, just to the west, is Salem-Teikyo University (chartered in 1888 as Salem College), which was created in 1989 as part of the Teikyo University Group of Japan. Watters Smith Memorial State Park is also nearby. Inc. city, 1921. Pop. (1990) 17,970; (1998 est.) 17,011.