COUTURAT, LOUIS (-ALEXANDRE)

born Jan. 17, 1868, Ris-Orangis, near Paris, France died Aug. 3, 1914, Paris French philosopher and logician who sought a universal language and symbolic-logic system to study the history of philosophy and the philosophy of mathematics. Educated at the cole Normale Suprieure in philosophy and mathematics, Couturat became a professor at the University of Toulouse and the Collge de France before dedicating himself to private research. To promote his international language of Ido based on the rational intuition of Esperanto, Couturat helped to organize the International Congress of Philosophy (1900), to prepare Vocabulaire technique et critique de la philosophie (1926; Technical Vocabulary and Critique of Philosophy), and to establish Progresso (1908), a monthly publication written in Ido. Couturat's major works include De l'Infini mathmatique (1896; On Mathematical Infinity), La Logique de Leibniz (1901; The Logic of Leibniz), Histoire de la langue universelle (1903, with L. Leau; History of the Universal Language), L'Algbre de la logique (1905; The Algebra of Logic), and Les Principes de mathmatiques (1905; The Principles of Mathematics).