CRAB APPLE

also called Crab, any of several small trees of the genus Malus, in the rose family (Rosaceae), native to North America and Asia. Crabs are widely grown for their attractive growth habit, spring flower display, and decorative fruit. The fragrant five-petaled, white, pink, carmine, or purplish flowers appear early in showy masses. The fruits are much smaller and more tart than the common apple but are suitable for jellies, preserves, and cider. The tree itself is stiffer in form and more spiny than the common apple. Outstanding Oriental crabs include the Chinese flowering crab (M. spectabilis), Siberian crab (M. baccata), Toringo crab (M. sieboldii), and Japanese crab (M. floribunda). Among the notable American species are the garland, or wild sweet crab (M. coronaria); Oregon crab (M. fusca); prairie, or Iowa crab (M. ioensis); and southern crab (M. angustifolia). The showiest crabs, hybrids derived from M. floribunda, are among the choicest small, hardy decorative trees; many have large, fragrant double blossoms and bear colourful fruit that persists well into winter. Certain cultivated varieties of both the Oriental and American crabs are susceptible to cedar apple rust, apple scab, and fire blight, but hybrids with tolerance or resistance to these diseases have been developed.