FEIFFER, JULES

born Jan. 26, 1929, New York, N.Y., U.S. American cartoonist and writer who became famous for his Feiffer, a satirical cartoon strip notable for its emphasis on very literate captions. The verbal elements usually took the form of monologues in which the speaker (sometimes pathetic, sometimes pompous) exposed his own insecurities. Feiffer was educated at the Art Students League of New York and Pratt Institute in New York City, later assisting several comic-strip artists as he learned his trade. From 1949 to 1951 he drew Clifford, a Sunday cartoon-page feature. During the two years he served in the U.S. Army, he did cartoon animation for the Signal Corps. In 1956 Feiffer's work was accepted by The Village Voice, a weekly newspaper published in Manhattan's Greenwich Village, where it was an immediate success and was syndicated, beginning in 1959. Feiffer's first collection of cartoons, Sick, Sick, Sick (1958), was followed by Passionella, and Other Stories (1959). Passionella contained the character Munro, a four-year-old boy who was drafted into the army by mistake. Munro became the basis of an animated cartoon that received an Academy Award in 1961. Later cartoon collections include Boy, Girl, Boy, Girl (1961); Feiffer's Album (1963); The Unexpurgated Memoirs of Bernard Mergendeiler (1965); a retrospective, Jules Feiffer's America: From Eisenhower to Reagan (1982); Marriage is an Invasion of Privacy (1984); and Feiffer's Children (1986). Feiffer also wrote satirical revues, such as The Explainers (1961) and Hold Me! (1962), and a one-act play, Crawling Arnold (1961). His full-length playsLittle Murders (1967), The White House Murder Case (1970), and Grown Ups (1981)like his cartoons, blended farce and biting social criticism. Other literary efforts include the novels Harry, the Rat with Women (1963) and Ackroyd (1977); The Great Comic Book Heroes (1965), which he edited and annotated; and several screenplays. In 1986 he received a Pulitzer Prize for editorial cartooning.