FIORE, PASQUALE

born April 8, 1837, Terlizzi, Kingdom of Naples died Dec. 17, 1914, Naples Italian jurist and leading authority on international law. Fiore studied at Urbino, Pisa, and Turin, and, after a period of teaching philosophy at Cremona, during which he published Elementi di diritto pubblico constituzionale e amministrativo (1862; Elements of Public Constitutional and Administrative Law), he was appointed professor of constitutional and international law at Urbino in 1863. He then occupied similar chairs at Pisa, Turin, and finally, from 1881, at Naples. Although he was a prolific writer on a wide range of legal topics, Fiore's international reputation rests on his writings on public and private international law. Since they reflect the spirit and political conditions of his time, they have tended to become out of date. He nonetheless made a lasting contribution by realizing the need to divide international law into new categories, in his Trait de droit pnal international et de l'extradition (1880; Treatise on International Criminal Law and the Law of Extradition), and by meeting the need for a more precise statement of the law in his Il diritto internazionale codificato ela sua sanzione giuridica (1890; International Law Codified and Its Legal Sanction). Fiore's Elementi di diritto internazionale privato (1901; Elements of Private International Law) is one of the principal statements of the doctrines of the so-called Italian, or neostatutist, school, which has exercised profound influence, especially in Latin and Latin-American countries.