FONTANA, DOMENICO

born 1543, Melide, Milan died 1607, Naples Italian architect who worked on St. Peter's Basilica and other famous buildings of Rome and Naples. Fontana went to Rome in 1563, where he was employed by Cardinal Montalto (later Pope Sixtus V) to design a chapel in the church of Sta. Maria Maggiore (1585). When Cardinal Montalto was elected pope, he appointed Fontana as architect to the papacy. Fontana designed the Vatican Library (158790), the Acqua Felice (1587), and the present Lateran palace, built on the ruins of the old medieval palace. He collaborated with Giacomo della Porta on the completion of St. Peter's dome (158890) from Michelangelo's model. His most famous undertaking was the removal of the Egyptian obelisk (brought to Rome in the 1st century AD) from its place in the circus of the Vatican and its erection in front of St. Peter's (1586). Accused of misappropriating public money, Fontana was dismissed from his post in 1592 by Pope Clement VIII. He then became Royal Engineer at Naples to the count of Miranda (1592) and built the Palazzo Reale (160002). Despite his association with a number of important projects, Fontana is not considered a great architect; his fame largely rests on his commission as architect to Sixtus V.