GALLUP

city, seat (1901) of McKinley county, northwestern New Mexico, U.S., on the Puerco River, near the Arizona state line. Settled in 1880 as a Westward Overland Stagecoach stop, it became a construction headquarters for the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad and was named for David L. Gallup, railroad paymaster. It flourished with the discovery of coal and in 1895 became a railroad divisional terminal. Situated between the Navajo (north) and Zuni (south) Indian reservations (with many pre-Columbian ruins), it is the area headquarters of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. A shipping point for cattle, wool, hides, and forest products, it has light industries with emphasis on Indian arts and crafts. Tourism is important, and the Inter-Tribal Indian Ceremonial is held annually in August. A branch of the University of New Mexico is in the city. Inc. 1891. Pop. (1990) 19,154.