HAMDI BEY, OSMAN

born 1842, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire [now Istanbul, Tur.] died Feb. 23, 1910, Constantinople Turkish statesman and art expert who asserted the right of Constantinople to receive the finds made by various archaeological enterprises in the Ottoman Empire. Alexander in battle, detail from the so-called Alexander Sarcophagus, marble, c. 310 BC, Hamdi Bey founded the Archaeological Museum of Istanbul and became its director in 1881. His enlightened taste and energy did much to establish the reputation of the museum and its impressive collection of Greco-Roman antiquities. Included among the treasures that he secured for the museum are the famous Greek sarcophagi found in the royal necropolis at Sidon (now in Lebanon) in 1887. These are outstanding examples of Greek art of the 5th and 4th centuries BC, and they are in perfect preservation. The magnificent Alexander sarcophagus (so named because it was originally believed to be that of Alexander the Great; see photograph) even retains traces of its original colouring. Hamdi Bey's account of the excavation, Une ncropole royale Sidon (A Royal Necropolis at Sidon), cowritten by Thodore Reinach, was published in 1892.