HARROGATE

borough (district), administrative county of North Yorkshire, historic county of Yorkshire, England. Harrogate town originated in the 17th century as a spa with chalybeate, sulfur, and saline springs. It originally consisted of two settlements: High Harrogate, with the Queen Hotel (1687), and Low Harrogate, where the majority of the 88 springs were eventually discovered. The Royal Baths (1897, extended 1939) still provide some spa amenities, but since World War II the economic base of the town has been diversified with the introduction and growth of light industry and research establishments. The large hotels and public buildings are used for conferences and trade fairs. Lying between York and Leeds, within easy reach of the Yorkshire Dales National Park, Harrogate is increasingly important both as a tourist centre and residential town. Local attractions include the Valley Gardens and the extensive common, called the Stray, permanently preserved from development by act of Parliament. Besides the town of Harrogate, the borough includes an extensive rural area, the market town of Knaresborough, and the ancient cathedral city of Ripon. Area borough, 510 square miles (1,321 square km). Pop. (1991) town, 66,178; (1998 est.) borough, 149,800.