HERRERA, FERNANDO DE

born 1534?, Seville, Spain died 1597, Seville byname El Divino lyric poet and man of letters who was one of the leading figures in the first School of Seville, a group of 16th-century Spanish Neoclassic poets and humanists who were concerned with rhetoric and the form of language. Although never ordained, Herrera took minor orders and was appointed to a benefice in Seville. The income from this position allowed him to spend his life studying and writing. His aristocratic literary ideas were clearly set forth in his Anotaciones a las obras de Garcilaso de la Vega (1580; "Notes on the Works of Garcilaso de la Vega"), which praised the Italianate innovations of the poet Garcilaso de la Vega and several other poets of Seville. In his own poetry, published as Algunas obras de Fernando de Herrera (1582; "Some Works of Fernando de Herrera"), he elaborated on the style of Garcilaso and began to move toward culteranismo (an ornate and affected poetic style that flourished in Spain in the 16th and 17th centuries and finally developed, in its most extreme form, into gongorismo). Although his love lyrics addressed to Luz, the Countess of Gelves, were popular in his day, his most enduring poems are his patriotic odes, rich in Old Testament rhetoric and melodious eclogues. He also composed a history, Relacin de la guerra de Chipre y batalla naval de Lepanto (1572; "Account of the War of Cyprus and the Naval Battle of Lepanto"), and a biography, Elogio de la vida y muerte de Toms Moro (1592; "Eulogy on the Life and Death of Thomas More").