HUBLI-DHARWAD

city, western Karn ataka (formerly Mysore) state, southwestern India. Hubli, often called Hubballi, or Pubballi (meaning old village), developed around the 11th-century stone temple of Aharanishankar. Notable buildings include the Mahadi Mosque, the Bhavani Shankar Temple, and the city hall. Hubli is a trading centre with cotton mills, ginning and pressing factories, and a large newspaper industry. A divisional headquarters of the Southern Railway, it has railway workshops and is also a major road junction. Its colleges of commerce, law, medicine, and engineering and technology are affiliated with Karnatak University in Dharwad. Fortified from the 16th century, Dharwad was originally called Daravada (meaning gateway town). It is an educational and trading (cotton) centre lying along the Southern Railway and a national highway. The city is the seat of several institutions, including Karnatak University (1949), many colleges (notably engineering and agricultural teachers' training), a detention home for juveniles, and a mental hospital. In 1961 Dharwad was incorporated with industrial Hubli, 13 miles (21 km) southeast, to form one of the state's most populous urban areas. Pop. (1991 prelim.) 647,640.