INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA

any computer-delivered electronic system that allows the user to control, combine, and manipulate different types of media, such as text, sound, video, computer graphics, and animation. Interactive multimedia integrate computer, memory storage, digital (binary) data, telephone, television, and other information technologies. Their most common applications include training programs, video games, electronic encyclopaedias, and travel guides. Interactive multimedia shift the user's role from observer to participant and are considered the next generation of electronic information systems. A personal computer (PC) system with conventional magnetic-disk memory storage technically qualifies as a type of interactive multimedia. More advanced interactive systems have been in use since the development of the computer in the mid-20th centuryas flight simulators in the aerospace industry, for example. The term was popularized in the early 1990s, however, to describe PCs that incorporate high-capacity optical (laser) memory devices and digital sound systems. The most common multimedia machine consists of a PC with a digital speaker unit and a CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory) drive, which optically retrieves data and instructions from a CD-ROM. Many systems also integrate a handheld tool (e.g., a control pad or joystick) that is used to communicate with the computer. Such systems permit users to read and rearrange sequences of text, animated images, and sound that are stored on high-capacity CD-ROMs. Systems with CD write-once read-many (WORM) units allow users to create and store sounds and images as well. Some PC-based multimedia devices integrate television and radio as well. Among the interactive multimedia systems under commercial development by the mid-1990s were cable television services with computer interfaces that enable viewers to interact with television programs; high-speed interactive audiovisual communications systems that rely on digital data from fibre-optic lines or digitized wireless transmissions; and virtual reality systems that create small-scale artificial sensory environments.