JOYEUSE ENTRE

(French: Joyous Entry), during the European Middle Ages and the ancien rgime, the ceremonial first visit of a prince to his country, traditionally the occasion for the granting or confirming of privileges. Most famous is the charter of liberties, confirmed on Jan. 3, 1356, and called the Joyeuse Entre, which was presented to the duchy of Brabant (in the Low Countries) by Johanna, daughter and heiress of Brabant's Duke John III (d. 1355), and her husband Wenceslas, duke of Luxembourg, brother of the Holy Roman emperor Charles IV. The occasion was the fear of the Brabanons that Wenceslas, a foreigner, might ignore their traditional liberties. The charter confirmed Brabant's liberties, stipulating that it could not be divided, that public offices were open only to Brabanons, and that Brabant must be consulted on coinage of money, on foreign alliances, and on declarations of war. The Joyeuse Entre became the model for the charters of other Low Country provinces and the bulwark of their liberties. The ill-advised attempt of the emperor Joseph II to abrogate this charter led to Brabant's revolt under Henri van der Noot in 178990.